Mating dogs: when, with whom and on what day of heat to breed a dog, repeated mating, how to find out if your pet is pregnant + reviews

A dog is mated if it is planned to produce offspring from it. If the animal is not intended for breeding, veterinarians recommend sterilizing it. The opinion that mating bitches is beneficial for their health is unfounded. Mating in most cases takes place without problems, as it is ensured by the unconditioned reflexes of animals. However, dog owners should know at what age and during what period of estrus it should be carried out.

The first time a cat is in heat: is it possible to breed

A cat's first heat can occur without obvious symptoms, that is, it can be invisible to the owner. The cat, although physiologically ready to become pregnant, has not yet fully reached the physical state of an adult.

The first heat is not an indicator of the possibility of mating. Pregnancy at a very young age (up to 1 year) can be harmful to the health of the animal. Also, due to incomplete development, stillborn kittens may be born, and complications of pregnancy and childbirth are possible.

It is important to prepare the first mating, the cat’s “marriage,” in advance.

The necessary conditions

Breeding Spitz requires following the recommendations below, which is necessary to obtain strong offspring.

Only healthy animals are allowed to breed, so it is necessary to exclude possible pathologies from the producers. All diseases, as well as weight problems, if any, are eliminated 2-3 months before mating. This applies to both sexes.
Visit to the veterinarian. It must be done before the dog is mated! In addition to external examination, tests are taken from Spitz dogs to determine their condition.
Dog owners must have certificates of animal vaccinations and the absence of infectious diseases if the producers are from different nurseries.
It is obligatory for the male and female to have a pedigree and diplomas from exhibitions when pedigree breeding of elite dogs is intended.
The weight of animals should not deviate from the norm, and the optimal weight is that which is in the middle of the established parameters.

Compliance with the rules makes it possible to have full-fledged puppies and not harm the health of the producers.

Puberty

The onset of sexual readiness and the time of the first mating do not necessarily coincide. Final sexual maturity in cats occurs at the age of one to one and a half years.

Males, unlike cats, are capable of mating throughout the year; in the spring, the desire intensifies.

For an untied cat, it is worth choosing a more experienced partner, just as for an ununtied cat. It should also be taken into account that a cat sometimes does not allow a cat she does not like to approach her.

Also read the article on how to start breeding cats.

Optimal time

Dogs must be bred taking into account the optimal time for mating , and both partners must meet the requirements. Early mating will produce poor offspring and undermine the health of the producers. The dog must be physically ready for the process, and this happens at least a year old . Physical signs of maturity appear earlier, but mating before one year is not allowed. For a female, the optimal age at which it is best to start breeding is 24 months, and for a male - 12 months. At this age, they begin to produce full-fledged sex cells.

For mating, it is necessary to determine the days of ovulation. During this period, the bitch becomes restless and shows the need for mating with all her appearance. If the dog’s estrus cycle is established, it is possible to accurately calculate the time when it is optimal to breed.

Estrus: signs that a cat is ready for mating

Based on the characteristics of feline physiology, when sexual desire occurs in cats, there is no longer any bleeding. But before this, the heat can be noticed. Depending on climatic conditions, the psychology of the animal, interaction with relatives, the intervals between estrus can range from two weeks to several months (3-6 months, no more).

Estrus takes 5-10 days. In the first days, the animal becomes affectionate, often rubbing against its legs. Although there are reverse reactions, the cat becomes aggressive and somewhat agitated. External manifestations are slightly swollen genitals, curvature in the lumbar region, bending of the front legs and a raised tail.

After 2-5 days from the start of estrus, the cat is ready for mating. These days, she shows her desire with all her appearance, calls for the cat, and when stroking it takes a “comfortable” pose - she falls on her front paws, raises her croup and moves her tail to the side. This is an indicator of the animal’s readiness for “marriage.”

At this time, the cat may refuse to eat, but the number of trips to the toilet increases.

Cats can, when they desire, not only make sounds that are unpleasant to the human ear, but also “mark” their territory and use various things for “pleasure.”

It is better to breed no more than three times within two years.

When can you give birth to a female rabbit after giving birth?

Physically, the female rabbit is ready for re-mating already on the 2-3rd day after giving birth. Theoretically, a female can give birth to up to 10 litters per year.

However, mating during the period of mother's milk production will lead to exhaustion of the female's body and a decrease in maternal instincts.

The optimal number of litters per female is up to 7 per year; female rabbits are mated on the 20th day after the birth of the young. After a year of intensive breeding, the female is culled and sent to slaughter.

If, after several litters, the female chases the male and looks tired and lethargic, it is recommended to give the female rabbit a rest for 1 month. After rest, the animal will return to reproductive functions.

Some tips for mating rabbits at home for novice rabbit breeders:

Buy rabbits only from trusted farms or from people you know. Dishonest market sellers may sell sick or culled animals.
Grass is the favorite food of long-eared animals. In the summer, give the rabbits more freshly cut grass, and in the winter - meadow hay. Be sure to check the grass for the presence of harmful plants: henbane, belladonna, weedweed.
Try not to get carried away with childbirth, but leave the cubs with their mother longer. Rabbits grow faster and have greater vitality.
Rabbits are demanding about cleanliness. Daily cleaning of cages is a necessary condition for the healthy keeping of a pet.
It is better to slaughter rabbits in winter in December and January. Hang the gutted carcasses in the cold so that the meat freezes well. There will be a delicious dietary dish for the New Year.

Mating rules

Those who want to breed animals or simply make easy money from purebred kittens should understand that the process of mating a cat and a cat is far from simple. To carry out mating correctly, you must have sufficient knowledge and skills in the field of genetics, zoology, as well as legal subtleties for registering offspring or possible problems with pregnancy and childbirth.

There are basic mistakes that non-professional breeders can make:

Choosing the right partner. It is better to select a manufacturing partner in advance, or preferably several possible partners, because One cat may not like the cat. Then all efforts will come to naught, and time will be lost. All conditions and nuances are discussed with the owners of potential partners. For pedigree breeding, it is better to contact a professional club, and not select from advertisements. Since random incidents may arise with some clogging of the rock. The main indicators here are:
Assessment of appearance should be carried out, in addition to health, by color. It is important to understand what color fur to expect in kittens. This is where knowledge of feline genetics comes in handy;
It is important to choose a partner with a suitable blood type. Cats have only three of them: A, B and A/B. You cannot breed cats of groups A and B. This will entail the possibility of the birth of unhealthy offspring.
Some cat breeds are incompatible with each other, but breeders often experiment.
Care before mating. The main thing is the health of the animal. It is necessary to organize proper nutrition and maintenance of both the cat and the cat. Vaccination against various infections (rabies, feline distemper, rhinotracheitis, calcivirosis), fungal and “venereal” diseases (chlamydia, lichen), deworming (getting rid of worms) is mandatory. Vaccination is carried out once a year, and deworming is carried out once every three months. The latter must be done 10 days before the scheduled mating day. Afterwards, it is not recommended to carry out any medical measures.
Diet of cats and cats. An overfed or underfed animal is alarming if you want to have kittens; complications during pregnancy and childbirth are possible. When preparing in advance, you need to add vitamins to your usual diet.
Keeping the animal. It is necessary to ensure peace, absence of drafts and temperature changes.

Preparation for mating includes bringing the animals into a satisfactory state:

Trim claws;
Wash with zoo shampoo, but no less than 3-5 days before mating. Otherwise, the smell of shampoo may scare away your partner.

Preparing for mating has not only physiological, but also psychological meaning, both for the pet and for its owners. The agreed cost of mating can be equal to one kitten, or paid financially, possibly in installments (before mating and after the birth of kittens).

Forced or accidental inbreeding

Reasons for random inbreeding:

breeding within one small holding, farm;
random covering in cages with unseated young rabbits;
Inbreeding is inevitable when pitting animals.

As a result, a family with developmental disorders consistently passes on these anomalies to new generations. For example, the offspring of a female rabbit with weak maternal instincts or weak milk production copies these shortcomings.

Be sure to read:

The birth of rabbits and caring for them, what to feed a nursing rabbit

Close inbreeding is very dangerous: father - daughter, mother - son, sister - brother; closely related: cousins - sisters, uncles - nieces.

Gene mutation leads to the fact that ugly, weak and with physical abnormalities rabbits are more often born in the herd. As a result, the viability of the offspring gradually decreases.

In order to avoid inbreeding, it is recommended to create parental pairs from rabbits from other farms.

Forced inbreeding is used in breeding to develop new or improve existing breeds.

Mating a cat with a cat: how animals behave and what the owner should do

It is best to carry out mating in the cat's territory. This will not give him the opportunity to subsequently resort to his “wife” unplanned. This is also due to the psychological reasons for the “male” insolvency and nervousness of a cat who finds himself in an unfamiliar place.

For transportation, it is better to use a bag familiar to the animal, take with you a tray with filler, a bowl of food, which should be enough for 3-5 days. “Marriage” in cats, unlike dogs, can take not several hours, but several days until the animals get used to each other. This is also necessary for a greater likelihood of pregnancy. Therefore, the time must be determined in advance, preferably 3-4 days from the onset of estrus.

Flirting between a cat and a cat can be unusual for first-time owners. Outwardly, it looks like this: the cat runs away from its partner, attracts him by meowing, but at the same time hisses when he tries to approach him. An experienced cat is already familiar with this behavior. He presses his partner to the floor, grabs the scruff of the neck with his teeth and does his job (“mounting”).

Mating lasts several seconds, at the end the cat makes a uterine sound and tries to throw off the partner. Then it is advisable for the cat to quickly retreat, otherwise he may “get caught.”

An indicator of a successful mating is that the cat begins to roll around on the floor, showing by its appearance that it is receiving pleasure. After the “marriage” comes the idyll of family life – the cat licks his partner, they lie down “in an embrace”. It is worth giving them a day or two for family life.

Despite the fact that pregnancy can occur the first time, it is worth giving the opportunity to repeat mating.

Mass matings and litters

Developed parental immunity is inherited by the offspring
. How do rabbits reproduce:

Feeders and drinkers are removed from the rabbit cage. The female is placed next to the male for 2-3 hours during the hunting period. After replanting, the couple must be observed for several hours. If the female rabbit is aggressive towards the male, then the mating process has failed.
The couple is placed in a separate cage and kept together for 5-7 days. Animals independently choose the time of mating. It is necessary to control the rabbits for some time to prevent fights between partners.
In large farms, artificial insemination is practiced. At the moment of mating, the rabbit's sperm is collected in a test tube. The female is artificially inseminated by injecting sperm using a syringe. The method gives a 95% guarantee that the rabbit is pregnant the first time.

Be sure to read:

Breeding rabbits at home for beginners

The act of mating takes place quickly - within 30 seconds. If sexual intercourse is successful, the rabbit falls to the side with a whistle and freezes for 5 seconds.
The female is urgently placed in another cage, otherwise the male may bite the fertilized rabbit.

How to determine pregnancy

Note that if a cat, after being at home, continues to behave as if in estrus, this does not mean that pregnancy has not occurred.

The first signs of pregnancy are visible after about 3 weeks:

redness and swelling of the nipples;
rounding of the sides.

Depending on the number of kittens, the time until birth can be from 55 to 68 days. The more kittens, the sooner the cat can be freed from the burden.

Note that indicators of pregnancy can also appear in the presence of a false version. In this case, it is better to show the animal to a veterinarian.

Also read the article on how to find out if your cat is pregnant and how long pregnancy lasts in cats.

Dating procedure

The first to visit the mating place is the “lady”, who gets the opportunity to get acquainted with the surrounding space for 5-10 minutes, then the “gentleman” is released to her. An experienced dog will initially prefer to spend a little time courting a bitch.

The introduction of pets should take place under the supervision of their owners. Often you may need help when breeding dogs, especially when the dog is young and does not have the proper experience. In such cases, he may need to be “adjusted”, placed in the desired position. An overexcited dog is capable of performing incorrect mountings. To correct the situation, the owner should take his four-legged friend out and give him time to calm down a little.

The behavior of experienced male dogs may be different. Someone tries to growl at the “lady”, bite her lightly, and show his dominance. Quite often, “grooms” demonstrate polite behavior, try to flirt, lick the “noose” and “ears” of their “brides”. Often the behavior of an experienced male dog changes radically. This means that the owner will have to control his pet at all times.

In most cases, the reaction of an experienced bitch to a dog is calm. The “lady” is not against the advances of the “gentleman”. After a short game, the bitch takes a stance and withdraws her tail. Her pelvis is located in front of the male's front legs. The animal periodically tilts its head to the side, without looking at the partner, and may flatten its ears.

A young bitch is capable of showing fear, tucking her tail, and falling on her paws. If this is the first mating of dogs, the “bride” often snaps, and sometimes even tries to rush at the “groom”. This behavior is explained not only by youth and inexperience, but also by an error in calculating the day of mating. Another reason is the presence of abnormalities in the animal’s nervous system. The adequate reaction of the bitch, her acceptance of her partner’s advances, the absence of fear and aggression indicate the correct calculation of the time of mating, and the absence of unwanted physiological and nervous disorders in the individual.

Sex Barrier is the most humane and suitable method for a breeder to calm a pet

As mentioned earlier, it is better for a cat to give birth no more than three times every two years. This will prevent her from being depleted and give her the opportunity to live a full life.

To relieve tension and desire, the Sex Barrier recommended by veterinarians is used. This remedy completely removes all negative manifestations of “desire” in cats.

Its use will provide:

regulation (delay) of the onset of “hunting” in a cat;
contraceptive effect (within 24 hours from the time of use);
decrease in sexual arousal and its negative manifestations: animal screams, “marking” of territory, nervous or angry behavior, the desire to run away from the apartment.

We recommend reading the article about the first birth in cats.