A visit to the street results in the appearance of fleas for pets. In addition to the fact that parasites create a lot of inconvenience for cats, they carry a number of dangerous diseases (distemper, allergic dermatitis, flea typhus, tapeworm infection, etc.). A large number of fleas is fraught with the development of anemia.
Unfortunately, shampoos, sprays, drops, tablets, collars do not always work. If the list of more conventional ways to control fleas in cats has been exhausted, veterinarians recommend injections.
What is helminthiasis and why is it dangerous?
In total, there are several hundred species of parasitic worms in nature that are dangerous to humans. Of these, approximately 70 can be found in Russia. Parasites can enter the body in different ways. According to this parameter they can be divided into three main groups:
- living in the external environment - earth, water bodies
- entering the human body through intermediaries - domestic animals
- entering the human body through contact with other people
Thus, there are many opportunities for a person to pick up parasites. For example, they can enter our body from pets - cats and dogs, through unwashed hands, unboiled water, undercooked meat, etc.
There are two main groups of parasitic worms - round and flat worms. Round ones include species such as pinworms and roundworms. Flatworms, in turn, are divided into tapeworms and flukes. Typically, flatworm infestations are the most dangerous and the most difficult to treat.
Helminthiasis or infection of a person by worms is an extremely unpleasant disease. It leads to intoxication of the body and its exhaustion, weakens its defenses. Therefore, helminthiasis requires careful treatment.
Prevention of worms in cats
There is no way to completely eliminate the risk of parasites in cats. However, by following the recommendations you can reduce the risk of infection:
- regularly change the animal's bedding and tray;
- reduce contact between cats and other animals;
- saturate the cat’s diet with all the necessary minerals to increase the protective properties of the immune system;
- Avoid feeding animals raw foods (meat, fish);
- regularly prevent the appearance of helminths using tablets.
Let's celebrate! Once a week, it is necessary to completely disinfect the animal’s personal items.
Anti-helminth medications, types and principle of action
Previously, herbal remedies were used as drugs for worms. For example, it has long been known that plants such as fern, tansy, and pigweed are useful in treating parasites in the human body. Eating foods such as pumpkin seeds and garlic can also help with helminthiasis.
But in severe cases, these remedies for worms and parasites will most likely be powerless. In addition, they usually act only on helminths that parasitize the intestines, while some of them can live in other internal organs, for example, the liver, bile ducts and blood vessels.
Fortunately, the modern pharmaceutical industry has developed many effective synthetic agents. Therefore, now the question of how to get rid of worms with tablets comes down mainly to the choice of one drug or another.
There are deworming medications designed specifically to treat helminthiases caused by roundworms. As a rule, these anthelmintic drugs are the safest and have the least side effects. There are also anthelmintic drugs for removing tapeworms and flukes from the body. But many anthelmintic drugs act not on one specific type of parasites, but on several groups of them at once. Such deworming tablets are called broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs.
Compared to herbal preparations, synthetic deworming agents act more quickly and effectively. In addition, the principle of action of most modern medicines for worms is not to kill parasites, but to paralyze them. This is achieved thanks to special substances in antihelminthic drugs that block the functioning of the neuromuscular system of the worms. Therefore, they do not die in the intestines, poisoning the body with the products of their decomposition, but are detached from the intestinal walls and excreted along with the feces.
However, it should be noted that these anti-worm medications only act against adult parasites. They are ineffective against larvae. Therefore, after the first course of taking the drug, it is recommended to take another course a few weeks later to destroy the remaining helminths.
The use of broad-spectrum anti-worm medications is also justified because it is often difficult to determine the type of parasite. In addition, in many cases the body becomes infected with helminths of various types.
Also, in some cases, it is recommended to take deworming tablets for prevention. For example, if you are planning a trip to exotic countries, or if a family member or pet suffers from helminthiasis. However, it hardly makes sense to take deworming pills just like that, just in case, since most of them are quite toxic and are not recommended for long-term use.
It is best to find out which anti-worm pills you should take by consulting your doctor. When selecting drugs, the doctor must take into account its contraindications, the patient’s age and side effects. Not all anti-worm tablets can be used to treat small children or during pregnancy.
The main dosage form of anthelmintic drugs is tablets. There are also dosage forms such as suspensions and rectal suppositories. Suspensions are more suitable for children who have difficulty swallowing or chewing a large tablet. Suppositories have minimal side effects, but their effectiveness is limited. In addition, they are powerless against parasites that live outside the intestines.
Plus anti-flea injections
Before resorting to using injections against fleas in cats, you should carefully study their important features. And they have quite a few positive qualities. Therefore, many owners choose this option for combating unpleasant parasites in pets.
Flea injections for cats have the following positive qualities:
- just application. It is enough to take your pet to a specialist and he will carry out this procedure as needed;
- painlessness. The cat will not feel the injection at all. During this procedure, the doctor makes a small injection in the forearm or in the area of the back of the shoulder joint;
- duration of action. The injection can protect against fleas for 1 to 6 months, depending on the medication used;
- the product can have an effect on any parasitic organisms - fleas at any stage of development, helminths, ticks;
- fast action. When an injection is administered, the active elements of the medication immediately enter the pet’s blood. Then, when a parasite bites, they penetrate his body, affect his nervous system and provoke instant nervous paralysis;
- the active ingredients can even kill the eggs of pregnant fleas. Namely, when the drug enters the animal’s body, its constituent elements have a toxic effect on the eggs. And even if the insect manages to lay them, they will not be viable.
Treatment of helminthiasis
Depending on how advanced the disease is and what microorganisms cause health problems, the best anti-worm medications for humans are selected. This takes into account the individual characteristics of the body, drug tolerance, contraindications and side effects.
As we already know, they are localized in tissues, the bloodstream and the intestines, these are:
- roundworms;
- hookworm;
- trichocephalosis;
- trichinosis;
- enterobiasis.
To treat these species, the following series of effective anthelmintic drugs are used. A powerful drug based on mebendazole. Helps with mixed type helminthiasis, localized both in the intestines and other organs.
Scheme of action: parasites cannot survive without the supply of glucose, but humans cannot exist without this substance. Vermox blocks the flow of glucose to helminths, which causes their complete paralysis and destruction. The medicine is easily tolerated and is indicated even for the treatment of small children.
Important: if an advanced stage of helminthiasis and mass infestation are detected, a long period of therapy is required, which may result in side effects.
Medicine for hookworms, roundworms. One package usually contains one or two fruit-flavored tablets. The components of the drug are absorbed into the human blood and within a couple of hours begin to have a detrimental effect on parasites. To completely exterminate adults and their larvae, one 150 mg pill is enough. Repeated appointment – after 2 weeks.
Side effects of taking Decaris may include:
- nausea, vomiting;
- headache, dizziness;
- diarrhea;
- rash;
- pain in the stomach;
- bloating.
In rare cases, seizures may occur. This remedy is strictly not recommended for the treatment of helminthiasis in children, pregnant women, during breastfeeding, with intolerance to levomisol, serious pathologies of the liver and kidneys.
Based on albendazole, which penetrates deeply into the bile ducts and tissues, for this reason it is used to treat capsulated and cystic worms. Assigned to the whole family.
Take a test for worms
Side effects may include nausea, headaches, pain and bloating.
The most effective drug for exterminating worms. Causes paralysis of muscle tissue in worms, which makes it impossible to hold on to the intestinal walls. Prescribed for roundworms and enterobiasis. It is a single dose, the dose is calculated based on the person’s weight. If the helminthic infestation is mixed and advanced, the course will need to be extended by three days.
Contraindications: blood diseases, pregnancy, childhood, lactation. Side effects may include itching, diarrhea, bloating, cramps, bowel dysfunction, fever, kidney and liver disease.
Advantages and disadvantages of this method
The advantages of this method are:
- ease of use;
- efficiency and speed;
- safety for cats;
- painlessness;
- effect not only on fleas, but also on many other parasites;
- duration of action.
- drug toxicity;
- Possibility of use only for adult, healthy individuals.
Important!
Flea injections should not be used on pregnant or lactating females!
Medicines for tapeworms
This type of helminth is localized mainly in the intestines and is easily treatable. Advanced stages lead to damage to important organs. In advanced stages, pharmaceuticals from other groups are additionally prescribed.
Biltricide
A medicine based on praziquantel, which immobilizes worms, which weakens their grip on the papillae and hooks. The drug is effective for cestodes; the dosage is calculated based on the patient’s weight; in advanced cases, the period is extended to 3 days.
Contraindications include pregnancy, individual intolerance to praziquantel, cysticercosis of the eye, taking Rifampicin, and lactation. Use with caution in case of heart disease, arrhythmia and liver pathologies.
Anthelmintic drugs for kittens
Ringworm in cats: drugs for treatment
Deworming of cats involves the same drugs. The dosage for small pets should be less. We recommend anthelmintic drugs specifically for kittens called:
- Trontsil-K;
- Pyrantel;
- Prazicide (for kittens).
It is recommended to give preference to suspensions. They are much easier to give to small pets.
Worming for small kittens can be used no earlier than 3 weeks
Treatment of flukes
The type of worms that cause trematodiasis include pulmonary, liver flukes, schistosomes and opisthorchid. Causes serious damage to internal organs, destroys the liver with waste products and dead cells of the body.
To exterminate this type of worms, you will need to take effective anti-worm medications for humans over a long course.
It works on the basis of praziquantel, taking a tablet weighing 40 mg once a day or twice 20 mg. The next appointment is in 3 days.
The cysticide is characterized by low toxicity, which makes it possible to carry out a course of treatment in pregnant women in the second trimester and children.
A deworming drug for humans with a broad spectrum of action, effective against all types of helminths. The course of treatment is up to 3 days, dosage – 400 mg per day.
Do they have any disadvantages?
The general disadvantages include the following:
- the range of effects on helminths is not as wide as that of tablets or suspensions;
- high toxicity;
- Possible death in breeds sensitive to ivermectin, a substance included in most drugs.
Important! When a dog owner chooses injections as a treatment for worms, it is necessary to contact a veterinary clinic .
Independent use of this drug is not recommended, since only a veterinarian can calculate the required dosage of the drug based on the characteristics of the animal, as well as give an injection in the right place and subject to certain conditions!
Treatment of parasites in pregnant women
Based on the fragile state of health of the expectant mother and the decreased level of immunity, most anthelmintic drugs during this period are contraindicated due to high toxicity. But doctors often diagnose roundworms and pinworms in pregnant women, which must be destroyed and removed from the body. The only safe and proven drug is Piperazine, known to everyone since ancient times. Course of admission – 7 days, 1.5 g. If no side effects are observed after the expiration of the period, the dose is repeated.
Piperazine produces undesirable effects extremely rarely, and here are what they can be:
- migraine;
- weakness of muscle tissue;
- pain in the abdominal area;
- trembling of limbs;
- nausea, in rare cases vomiting.
Signs of worms in cats
When infected with worms, the animal begins to behave restlessly.
The presence of worms can be detected by the following signs:
- The appearance of fleas in cats in large numbers.
- The animal has no appetite; after eating food, the cat begins to sneeze and cough.
- The animal's fur becomes dull and falls out.
- Diarrhea and vomiting.
- Paleness of the mucous membranes.
- The animal is thin and has a small rash around the anus.
Good to know! In some cases, with loose stools, the presence of parasites can be noticed. Worms are found not only in the digestive system, but also spread throughout the body, which can manifest as additional symptoms.
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Interesting to know:
Classification of anthelmintic drugs
How can you tell if a loved one is suffering from harmful interference? Among the signs of worm infection, several main ones are noted:
- unpleasant smell of feces;
- bloating;
- diarrhea or constipation;
- nervousness;
- poor sleep;
- itching of the anus;
- chest pain;
- heartburn;
- grinding of teeth at night;
- runny nose, cough, fever.
To determine the classification of drugs for worms, you must first introduce the concept of the types of helminths. Parasites are also classified according to their location in the human body as intestinal and extraintestinal. Helminthiasis is the general name for damage to the human body by parasites, such as:
- roundworms – nematodes;
- flat – trematodes;
- tape - cestodes.
Why was such a clear division introduced, and are there really not enough explanatory photos? Drugs that help against one type of worm do not harm another. Medicines for parasites in the human body are divided into:
- Medicines with a narrow spectrum of action - anticestodiasis, antitrematodes, antinematodes.
- Wide spectrum of action - for removing any worms.
Anti-worm therapy is most often carried out at home, but if complications such as intoxication occur, the patient must be hospitalized. To cure helminthiasis yourself, you need to follow the instructions, strictly observing the dose of drugs suggested by your doctor. It is also impossible to reduce the amount of the drug against worms, because then the parasites will simply change their habitat in the body.
The principle of action of antiparasitic drugs is also different, as a result of which they are divided into:
- Blocking nerve impulses in the muscle tissue of parasites, paralyzing them.
- Blocking the absorption of glucose by worms, which is why they die.
- Worms that disable the intestines. This leads to their death.
- Complexly affecting the ability to move and biochemical processes.
Anticestodiasis
Depending on the location of the appearance of parasites inside the body, drugs are divided into drugs against intestinal helminths (Niclosamide, Phenasal) and extraintestinal parasites (Albendazole, Nemozol). The purpose of these anti-worm drugs is to combat cestodes, such as:
- teniarchinoses;
- sparganoses;
- pork tapeworms (tapeworms) – cysticercosis;
- bovine tapeworms - taeniasis;
- dwarf tapeworms – hymenolepiasis, etc.
Antitrematodoses
These drugs against worms are also divided into 2 groups: against intestinal flukes (“Perchlorethylene”, “Cystisid”) and extraintestinal ones (“Hloxin”, “Bithionol”). Effective against one of the types of fluke worms, such as:
- pulmonary, liver flukes;
- Chinese, cat, liver flukes;
- cercarioses.
Antinematode drugs
Drugs in this group are aimed at eliminating worms such as:
Drugs containing ivermectin (Ivermec) or diethylcarbamazine (Ditrazine citrate) are taken against extraintestinal parasites. The following antiparasitic drugs with active ingredients are effective against intestinal nematode:
- mebendazole - “Vermakar”, “Piperazine”, “Mebex”, “Vormin”;
- levamisole – “Dekaris”;
- albendazole – “Nemozol”, “Vormil”;
- pyrvinium embonate - “Pyrivinium”, “Vanquin”, “Pyrkon”;
- carbendacim - “Medamin”;
- pyrantel pamoate – “Pyrantel”, “Helmintox”, “Nemotsid”.
Broad-spectrum antiparasitic drugs
Broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs for humans have broader powers. They are able to interrupt the growth of parasites by disrupting their metabolic processes. There are groups of drugs against worms:
- With albendazole – affect adult worms or their larvae.
- With mebendazole – affects parasites in the larval stage.
- With praziquental – against extraintestinal parasites.
Bibliography
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Brucellosis. Parasites. Link
- Corbel MJ Parasitic diseases // World Health Organization. Link
- Young EJ Best matches for intestinal parasites // Clinical Infectious Diseases. — 1995. Vol. 21. - P. 283-290. Link
- Yushchuk N.D., Vengerov Yu.A. Infectious diseases: textbook. — 2nd edition. - M.: Medicine, 2003. - 544 p.
- Prevalence of parasitic diseases among the population, 2009 / Kokolova L. M., Reshetnikov A. D., Platonov T. A., Verkhovtseva L. A.
- Helminths of domestic carnivores of the Voronezh region, 2011 / Nikulin P. I., Romashov B. V.
An article for patients with a doctor-diagnosed disease. Does not replace a doctor's appointment and cannot be used for self-diagnosis.
The best stories from our readers
Topic: Parasites are to blame for all troubles!
From: Lyudmila S. ( [email protected] )
To: Administration Noparasites.ru
Not long ago my health condition worsened. I began to feel constant fatigue, headaches, laziness and some kind of endless apathy appeared. Problems also appeared with the gastrointestinal tract: bloating, diarrhea, pain and bad breath.
I thought it was because of the hard work and hoped that it would go away on its own. But every day I felt worse. The doctors couldn’t really say anything either. Everything seems to be normal, but I feel like my body is not healthy.
I decided to go to a private clinic. Here I was advised, in addition to general tests, to get tested for parasites. So in one of the tests they found parasites in me. According to doctors, these were worms, which 90% of people have and almost everyone is infected, to a greater or lesser extent.
I was prescribed a course of antiparasitic medications. But it didn’t give me any results. A week later, a friend sent me a link to an article where some parasitologist shared real tips on fighting parasites. This article literally saved my life. I followed all the advice that was there and after a couple of days I felt much better!
Digestion improved, headaches went away and the vital energy that I so lacked appeared. To be sure, I took the tests again and no parasites were found!
Anyone who wants to cleanse their body of parasites, no matter what types of these creatures live in you, read this article, I’m 100% sure it will help you! Go to article>>>
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Active ingredients of injectables
To carry out the injection, you can use regular syringes, which are sold at the pharmacy.
The injection must be carried out according to the following algorithm of actions:
- It is necessary to prepare all the instruments for the injection.
- Carefully read the instructions for use and draw the substance into the syringe.
- Apply an antibacterial agent to your hands.
- Place the cat on a flat surface on its stomach.
- With your left hand, pinch the injection site (withers, thigh), with a sharp movement, insert the needle to a depth of 1 cm. Slowly release the medicinal substance.
Note! After the injection, you must remove the syringe and release the cat. The use of alcohol is not used for injections in animals.
The process of action of injections depends on the drugs and active ingredients contained in the composition. Some of them can protect against parasites for a month, while others can provide protection for up to six months.
It is worth noting! Injectable medications are usually selected by a veterinarian. At the appointment, he can recommend various medications against fleas in cats, but their cost may vary.
At the same time, the trade names of medicines may be different, but the composition may contain one of three active substances. The main purpose of the products is to give injections against fleas in cats and dogs.
Ivermectin
A well-known medicine that is often used to combat parasites in cats and dogs. The medication contains an active element – ivermectin.
Used to eliminate various parasitic organisms in domestic animals:
- effectively relieves demodicosis (ear scabies);
- flea infestations;
- eliminates lice;
- fights lice eaters;
- used to remove helminths.
When using the drug, you should follow the following recommendations:
- the injection should only be performed by a veterinarian;
- the administration is carried out in a clinic or at home in compliance with all rules;
- the drug must be administered twice;
- the interval between injections should be 8 or 10 days;
- may be used in conjunction with other flea products for cats.
Eprimek
Another well-known remedy for combating various parasitic organisms in domestic animals (cats and dogs). The composition contains the active substance – eprinomectin. When used, the medicine can eliminate a number of diseases that are caused by parasitic organisms and helminths.
Important instructions for use:
- the solution is administered with a special syringe;
- before administration, the injection site must be treated with an alcohol solution;
- the injection should only be performed by a specialist, otherwise it can harm the pet’s health;
- the medication is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously;
- the dosage is calculated depending on the weight of the animal - 0.2 ml per 10 kilograms;
- repeated administration depends on the degree of parasite damage to the pet.
Lufenuron
An effective drug against parasitic insects that affect dogs and cats. The composition contains the active element – lufenuron. But unlike other drugs, the effect on fleas of this product is slightly different. In order to understand how the medicine works, you should carefully consider the following features:
- the active ingredient prevents the formation of larvae from eggs. This leads to a break in the chain of reproduction of parasitic organisms;
- but in relation to older individuals it does not show such an aggressive effect;
- if after using Lufenuron the pet continues to itch, then it is worth checking its fur, perhaps the parasites have not died and continue to attack it;
- In order for the drug to completely kill all parasitic organisms, it can be combined with other flea remedies, for example drops, sprays, tablets.
